Important: this archive article (written 2009–2016) mentions medicines, doses, poisons, emergency first aid or raw diets. It has not been checked by a veterinarian against current advice. Do not use it for doses or emergencies: call your vet or an animal poison helpline. About our articles
| Prevent Poisonings |
| Have you taken
inventory of your medicine cabinets lately? Are you properly storing
lawn and garden pesticide containers? When you tidy up around the house,
do you put food, liquor and tobacco products safely out of harm's way?
These precautions are second nature to households with children, but
homes with animals must be just as secure. Aspirin and other pain relievers are in almost every home, and these poisonings can be severe. When aspirin is prescribed for animals, the dosage must be strictly followed. Too much aspirin can lead to anemia and bleeding stomach ulcers. Ibuprofen and naproxen will cause painful gastrointestinal problems. One 200mg ibuprofen tablet is toxic to a small dog. Never give acetaminophen to a cat or dog. The drug affect cats oxygen in the blood and it produces severe depression. It also produces abdominal pain in dogs. If not quickly eliminated from the body, just two extra-strength tablets in 24 hours will most likely kill a small pet. Clinical signs in cats develop within one or two hours and include excessive salivation, paw and facial swelling, depression, and ash-gray gums. In dogs watch for anorexia, vomiting, depression, and abdominal pain. High doses are usually fatal. There are neurological poisons found in lawn and garden pesticides, insecticidal aerosols, dips and shampoos products. Signs of toxicity include apprehension, excessive salivation, urination, defecation, vomiting and diarrhea, tremors, seizures, hyper-excitability or depression and pinpoint pupils. If an animal has absorbed enough of any neurological toxin, sudden death may be the only sign. Coumarins, most recognizable as D-Con, a rat and mouse poison, affect the ability of the blood to clot. Mice that consume the poisoned grain essentially bleed to death. Your pets will be affected the same way, and the severity of the symptoms often depends on the amount ingested. Cats that eat poisoned mice can also become ill if the levels of poison are high enough. If you find an empty box of rat poison bring your pet into the veterinarian immediately. Tell them about the recent exposure so that they can implement the proper monitoring protocols. Additionally, if you see labored breathing, anorexia, nosebleeds, bloody urine or feces and pinpoint hemorrhages on the gums, take your pet to the veterinarian immediately. Garbage is not often regarded as poisonous. However, toxins are produced by bacteria fermenting the garbage. Rapid and severe signs include vomiting, bloody diarrhea, painful abdominal distention, shivering, shock, and collapse. How should pets be protected from these poisons? Some very simple rules to follow are:
What is poisonous? |
| Gastrointestinal
Toxins Avocado (leaves, seeds, stem, fruit, skin) in dogs Amaryllis bulb* Azalea (entire rhododendron family) Autumn crocus (Colchicum autumnale)* Bird of Paradise Bittersweet Boxwood Buckeye Bulbs (most kinds) Buttercup (Ranunculus) Caladium Castor bean* Chocolate * Chrysanthemum (a natural source of pyrethrins) Clematis Crocus bulb Croton (Coliseum species) Cyclamen bulb Dumb cane (Dieffenbachia)* Eggplant Elephant’s ear English ivy (All Hedera species of ivy) Hyacinth bulbs Holly berries Iris corms Lily (bulbs of most species) Macadamia nuts Mistletoe berries Narcissus, daffodil (Narcissus) Onions* Pencil cactus/plant Potato (leaves and stem) Rosary Pea* Spurge (Euphorbia species) Tomatoes (leaves and stem) Respiratory Toxin Chinese sacred or heavenly bamboo* English ivy Neurological Toxins Alcohol (all beverages, ethanol, methanol, isopropyl) Amaryllis bulb* Azalea (entire rhododendron family) Bleeding heart* Buckeye Caffeine Castor bean* Chocolate* Choke cherry, unripe berries* Chrysanthemum (natural source of pyrethrins) Crocus bulb Delphinium, larkspur, monkshood* Eggplant Jimson weed* Lupine species Macadamia nuts Marijuana (Cannabis)* Morning glory* Moldy foods Tobacco products Potato (leaves and stem) Tomatoes (leaves and stem) Kidney/Organ Failure Toxins Amanita mushrooms Anthodium* Asiatic lily Begonia* Calla lily* Castor beans Day lily Elephant’s ear Easter lily Grapes/raisons Jack-in-the-pulpit* Lantana* Oak* Rhubarb leaves* Scheffelera* Shamrock* Star-gazer Lilly Toxins that affect the blood Onions Garlic If you suspect your animal may have ingested any of the substances on this list or if your pet shows any abnormal behavior (vomiting, diarrhea, staggering, etc), you should contact your veterinarian immediately. Take a sample of the suspected toxin and its packaging with you to the veterinarian. |